High-intensity gas discharge lamps (HIDs) such as high-pressure sodium lamps (HPS) are characterized by high light intensity and long life, and are widely used in regional lighting applications such as street lighting, parking lots, and parks. On the other hand, high-brightness white light-emitting diodes ( LEDs ) continue to improve in terms of performance and cost, making them ideal for regional lighting applications and offering advantages not available in HIDs such as better directionality, better color quality, and environmental friendliness. And its opening and closing can be more conveniently controlled, it is convenient to automatically detect ambient light to change the brightness; in addition, the reliability of the LED is better, which helps to reduce maintenance costs and total cost of ownership.
Of course, the use of LEDs in street and area lighting applications to replace HIDs and produce equivalent light output requires large arrays of LEDs. To drive these large arrays of LEDs, designers can choose from different options. In addition, the brightness of different LED strings needs to be consistent. If an LED has an open circuit failure, it may cause the whole series of LEDs to be turned off. Therefore, it is necessary to take care of the solution for providing protection for the LED strings. In addition, to build a networked intelligent LED street light control system, it is also necessary to adopt a suitable communication and line drive scheme. These issues and the corresponding ON Semiconductor solutions are discussed below.
LED street light and regional lighting drive power selection
The power of regional lighting applications is typically above 40 W. Different power schemes can be used to drive the LED array depending on the application conditions or requirements. As the premier supplier of high-performance, energy-efficient silicon solutions for green electronics, ON Semiconductor offers different power solutions for LED street lights and regional lighting to meet different customer needs.
(1) Current adjustable constant current power factor correction area illumination LED power supply based on NCL30001
Some area lighting applications require an isolated regulated output voltage with input power factor correction. These applications typically employ a two-stage power conversion architecture in which the boost power factor correction (PFC) converts and pre-regulates the AC input line voltage to 400 V DC and then provides the voltage to a conventional topology that can be any suitable topology. DC-DC converters (typically flyback converters in applications where the power does not exceed 150 W).
We can use an easier way to improve this traditional two-stage conversion architecture, making it a single-segment architecture with integrated power factor correction and main converter (ie DC-DC converter). This single-stage architecture offers significant application advantages because of the large size of boost inductors, high voltage MOSFETs, power rectifiers, and large capacitors. Of course, this single-segment architecture brings some performance tradeoffs in some respects, but it is an energy-efficient and cost-effective solution for applications with relatively constant loads, such as LED area lighting.
The NCL30001 is a single-stage controller that integrates power factor correction and isolated step-down DC-DC conversion circuitry to help reduce component count, system cost, and support for higher overall LED power efficiency. The NCL30001 provides constant current and constant current to directly drive the LED, eliminating the linear or DC-DC conversion integrated in the LED strip (see Figure 1). An ON Semiconductor design note AND8427 describes an LED power supply based on the NCL30001 single-segment continuous current mode (CCM) PFC controller and the NCS1002 secondary-side constant-voltage constant current (CVCC) controller for area lighting applications such as street lights.
Figure 1: NCL30001-based LED driver solution for 40 to 125 W area lighting applications
Microwave PCB
microwave PCB`s is a type of PCB designed to operate on signals in the megahertz to gigahertz frequency ranges (medium frequency to extremely high frequency). These frequency ranges are used for communication signals in everything from cellphones to military radars. The materials used to construct these PCB`s are advanced composites with very specific characteristics for dielectric constant (Er), loss tangent, and CTE (co-efficient of thermal expansion).
High frequency circuit materials with a low stable Er and loss tangent allow for high speed signals to travel through the PCB with less impedance than standard FR-4 PCB materials. These materials can be mixed in the same Stack-Up for optimal performance and economics.
The advantages of using materials with a low X, Y and Z CTE is a resulting PCB structure that will remain extremely stable in high temperature environments while operating at up to 40 GHz in analog applications. This allows for the effective placement of very fine pitch components including, in some cases, bare die-attach. Additionally, the low CTE materials will facilitate the alignment of multiple layers and the features they represent in a complex PCB Layout.
Features
.CTEr = +40/+50 ppm per °C (low); Tg (glass transition temperature) is 280°C
.ER = 3.38/3.48 at 10.0 GHz
.ER is constant to 40.0 GHz
.ED (electro-deposited) copper only
.Layer-to-layer thickness control = +/- 0.001
.Fabrication costs are typical to slightly increased
Microwave PCB
Microwave PCB,Microwave Frequency PCB,Bare Copper Microwave PCB,High Frequency PCB
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