On May 31, 2016, the first Global 5G Event and 2016 IMT-2020 (5G) Conference was held in Beijing. Based on the overall layout of 5G technology, Datang Telecom Group demonstrated a series of leading 5G features at this conference.
The current 5G research has entered the stage of technical verification and standardization. As a leader in China's 3G (TD-SCDMA) and 4G (TD-LTE) standards, Datang Telecom Group has accumulated years of standard research and technology development, and has taken the lead in 5G R&D and layout. At the conference, Datang demonstrated its industry-leading 5G integrated verification platform, which has sufficient flexibility and processing capabilities to support multi-technology combination verification of various typical 5G scenarios through flexible configuration, supporting 5G standardization and industry. Chemical.
On the verification platform, Datang demonstrated leading Massive MIMO technology, non-orthogonal multiple access (PDMA) technology and vehicle networking technology. This is another grand debut in the 5G feature technology field after Datang released the "5G White Paper" in 2013 and the 5G network security white paper released in 2015 ("Building a Secure and Trusted Cyberspace"), reflecting the strength of Datang. Technical strength.
The following is a further introduction to the three major technologies:
　 Antenna technology
Massive MIMO, also known as large-scale MIMO, consists of tens to thousands of antennas. The array gain and multi-user multiplexing gain from large-scale antenna arrays can be used on the same time-frequency resources. Multiple users are reused, and the average spectral efficiency of the cell and the spectral efficiency of the edge users can be greatly improved.
In layman's terms, large-scale antenna technology is to increase the number of antennas, so as to more accurately distinguish different users, and ensure that multiple users use the same resources with low interference, so as to achieve capacity increase.
Datang has the leading accumulation and advantages in multi-antenna technology research and industry. From 3G to 4G to 5G, Datang has always led the development direction of multi-antenna technology and has been recognized by the industry.
In the 3G era: Datang used smart antennas for mobile communication systems for the first time. In 1995, Datang began to use smart antennas for research and industrialization of public communication systems. With the deployment of TD-SCDMA systems, smart antenna technology was introduced into public mobile communications for the first time. The system is in the 4G LTE era: Datang's smart antenna technology is extended to multi-stream beamforming multi-stream beamforming technology to achieve deep integration of beamforming and spatial multiplexing. Multi-stream beamforming technology for the continuous development of multi-antenna technology And the application of larger antennas pointed out the direction in the development of 5G key technologies: multi-antenna technology further developed to large-scale antennas, Datang first developed 256-antenna 5G Massive MIMO prototype Datang led domestic universities and enterprises successfully applied 863 5G Phase I 5G wireless transmission project, focusing on basic research and prototype platform development and verification of large-scale antenna technology. In 2014, Datang took the lead in completing 128-antenna 3D-MIMO principle verification. In 2015, the first 256-antenna Massive MIMO prototype was launched. , marking Datang's leading position on large-scale antennas, in view of the large-scale antenna technology in improving system spectrum utilization Great potential, system capacity and user experience, large-scale antenna technology has become recognized as a key technology 5G direction.
In the future 5G system, the application of large-scale antenna technology mainly includes: macro coverage scenarios for a wide service area; coverage scenarios for high-rise buildings; coverage for indoor and outdoor hotspot areas; and backhaul links for large-capacity wireless transmission .
Large-scale non-orthogonal multiple access technology (PDMA technology)
Non-orthogonal multiple access technology is mainly used to break through the capacity limit of orthogonal multiple access technology and maximize the use of increasingly scarce spectrum resources.
In the past, mobile communication systems have adopted the multiple access method as a sign of innovation. For example, 1G-4G uses orthogonal multiple access for FDMA, TDMA, CDMA, and OFDMA, respectively. For orthogonal multiple access, the user occupies different radio resources on the transmitting end, and the receiving end is easy to use the linear receiver for multi-user detection, which is low in complexity, but the system capacity is limited by the number of orthogonal resources that can be divided. . Compared with 4G, 5G needs to support larger capacity, which means that more users need to be reused on the basis of existing orthogonal resources, so that the wireless resources occupied by users are no longer orthogonal, which is non-orthogonal Address access.
Non-orthogonal multiple access requires the introduction of nonlinear detection at the receiving end to distinguish users. Thanks to the development of devices, non-orthogonal has moved from theoretical research to practical applications. In theory, non-orthogonal multiple access will completely break the capacity limit of orthogonal multiple access, and can double the system capacity according to the multi-user multiplexing multiple.
Since 2008, Datang has been the first to study non-orthogonal multiple access technology in the industry, and proposed a PDMA pattern segmentation non-orthogonal multiple access technology with independent intellectual property rights. PDMA technology can be applied universally to typical scenarios of 5G systems, maximizing the use of increasingly scarce spectrum resources. PDMA technology can improve the spectrum efficiency and system capacity of mobile broadband applications, increase the number of connections for large connected IoT applications, and reduce the delay and reliability of high-reliability and low-latency communication applications.
PDMA is the earliest non-orthogonal multiple access technology proposed by the industry. From 2008 to 2014, Datang has been promoting the research of non-orthogonal multiple access technology. In 2014, in response to industry experts' recommendations, Datang officially named PDMA (Pattern Division MulTIple Access) technology for the first time in the industry.
Since 2014, Datang has led domestic well-known universities and research institutes to jointly conduct research and performance evaluation of PDMA technology. The IMT-2020 Promotion Group led the new multi-access technology and submitted many contributions, successfully applying for 863. The 5G Phase II project "5G new modulation coding and efficient link technology research and development". Internationally, PDMA technology has also been widely recognized in the industry and has been successfully incorporated into the ITU's new 5G technology trend report M.2243.
At present, Datang has developed a prototype system for PDMA technology. With the help of a multi-terminal simulator, it can support the performance verification of 3 times the number of users accessing the uplink. Later, Datang will also conduct more application verification of PDMA technology to the industry.
Internet of Vehicle Technology
In 2015, the ITU identified 5G application scenarios including enhanced broadband mobile Internet, low-power wide coverage of the Internet of Things, low latency and high reliability of the Internet of Things. Among them, the low-latency and high-reliability Internet of Things is mainly applied to scenes with strict requirements for some special performance indicators, such as future self-driving cars and certain industrial control scenarios, which need to achieve millisecond transmission delay, and also require high requirements. Transmission reliability, through the specific system design and physical layer technology, can realize the technology of the future 5G for such special scenarios. Vehicle networking technology is a specific application example of low-latency and high-reliability scenarios. Through terminal direct-through technology, communication between vehicles, between vehicles and roadside equipment can be realized, thereby realizing active safety control and automatic driving of automobiles.
Datang is the first in China to propose the use of LTE-V technology as a key technology to support future automotive intelligence and network connectivity, and it needs to meet the needs of future V2X applications and even autopilot.
In June 2014, Datang successfully developed the world's first LTE-V car networking equipment, which can support the car network V2X self-organizing communication, and has core independent intellectual property rights. It realizes typical V2X application scenarios such as intersections, brake alarms, high-priority vehicles, and information sharing.
In April 2015, during the Nanjing Asia-Pacific Intelligent Transportation Forum, Datang conducted a social road demonstration of the vehicle networking application system based on LTE-V technology, showing 9 vehicles and 3 roadside nodes in the social road environment. Intelligent transportation application, this is the only company in the industry that provides a real-life demonstration of the social road environment vehicle road coordination system.
At present, Datang Telecom Group is accelerating the process of V2X industrialization. Participate in domestic V2X demonstration construction work, unite all parties in the industry chain, promote V2X demonstration application and scale test, expand innovative applications for autonomous driving (such as assisted driving, fleet autopilot), and achieve low latency (thousandth of a second) Highly reliable (99.999%) target.
Datang launched the IPR layout around the LTE-V communication solution, and carried out standardization work in the direction of CCSA and 3GPP related standards. At CCSA, it led and completed two research projects on vehicle safety short-range communication and vehicle road coordination system security; jointly led the “based on the overall technical requirements of LTE vehicle network wireless communication technologyâ€, and jointly led the “Intelligent Transportation Vehicle-Car Roadâ€. Research on the frequency requirements and related interference coexistence of active safety applications. In 3GPP, the joint lead 3GPP RAN LTE V2X technology research project and standardization work project served as the second speaker.
The research and breakthroughs of some of the above key technologies will play an important role in promoting the strategic goals of “3G breakthrough, 4G synchronization, and 5G guidanceâ€. The demonstration and verification of these technologies prove that China's breakthrough in 5G core technology will lay a good foundation for China's subsequent 5G standardization.
Virtual reality, telemedicine, autonomous driving, intelligent manufacturing, these upcoming innovative applications rely on the network support of the Internet of Everything. The large-scale antenna technology and PDMA non-orthogonal multiple access technology demonstrated by Datang will be obvious. Enhance the capacity of the future mobile communication network and higher communication speed, and provide key core technologies for the coming of the era of the Internet of Everything, and thus greatly change the way of life and production in the future, so that information can be reached at your fingertips, and everything is within reach.
This conference is the first global 5G conference jointly sponsored by IMT-2020 (5G) promotion group, 5G PPP, 5GMF, 5G Forum, 5G Americas and other institutions. This conference will showcase the global and China 5G through this conference. R&D progress, promote the formation of global 5G standard consensus, and promote the development of global 5G industry and application. Based on this technology demonstration, Datang will continue to release system equipment, test instruments, terminal equipment, terminal chips and other technical products for 5G typical application scenarios, and contribute to China's 5G leadership.
KNB2-63 Mini Circuit breakers, also named as the air switch which have a short for arc extinguishing device. It is a switch role, and also is a automatic protection of low-voltage electrical distribution. Its role is equivalent to the combination of switch. Fuse. Thermal Relay and other electrical components. It mainly used for short circuit and overload protection. Generally, According to the poles, mini Circuit breaker can be divided into 1P , 1P+N , 2P, 3P and 4P.
KNB2-63 Miniature Circuit Breaker
KNB2-63 Miniature Circuit Breaker,Electronics Miniature Circuits Breaker,Automatic Miniature Circuit Breaker,Mini Circuit Breaker
Wenzhou Korlen Electric Appliances Co., Ltd. , https://www.korlen-electric.com