Wind energy is one of the most commercial potential and most dynamic renewable energy sources. It is clean, low cost and inexhaustible. Wind power has the advantages of large space for installed capacity growth, rapid cost reduction, safety, and never exhausted energy. Wind power can effectively alleviate air pollution, water pollution and global warming while providing a stable power supply for economic growth. In various types of new energy development, wind power generation is a relatively mature technology and has large-scale development and commercial development conditions. Wind power can reduce the amount of pollutants and carbon emissions from fossil fuel power generation. Large-scale promotion of wind power can make a positive contribution to energy conservation and emission reduction. In the context of the global energy crisis and the increasingly serious environmental crisis, wind energy resources have begun to receive widespread attention. The large-scale development of wind power generation provides a broad market space and prospects for the wind power equipment manufacturing industry.
Introduction to wind energyWind energy The kinetic energy produced by air flow. A form of conversion of solar energy. Due to the solar radiation, the parts of the earth surface are unevenly heated, causing the pressure distribution in the atmosphere to be unbalanced. Under the action of the horizontal pressure gradient, the air moves in the horizontal direction to form the wind. The total reserves of wind energy resources are very large, and the energy that can be developed by technology in a year is about 5.3X10^13 kWh. Wind energy is a renewable and clean energy source with large reserves and wide distribution, but its energy density is low (only 1/800 of water energy) and it is unstable. Under certain technical conditions, wind energy can be exploited as an important energy source. Wind energy utilization is a comprehensive engineering technology that converts wind kinetic energy into mechanical energy, electrical energy and thermal energy through a wind turbine.
Wind energy resources are determined by the wind energy density and the accumulated hours of wind energy available. The wind energy density is the power of the wind that can be obtained from the unit windward area, and is proportional to the cube of the wind speed and the air density.
Wind energy is an available energy that is provided to humans due to the work of air flow. It is a renewable energy source (including water energy, bioenergy, etc.). The kinetic energy of the air stream is called wind energy. The higher the air flow rate, the greater the kinetic energy. One can use a windmill to convert the kinetic energy of the wind into a rotating motion to propel the generator to generate electricity by transmitting the rotational power of the rotor (composed of aerodynamically driven blades) to the generator through the drive shaft. As of 2008, wind power generated by the world is about 94.1 million kilowatts, and the power supplied has exceeded 1% of the world's consumption. Although wind energy is not the main source of energy for most countries, it has grown more than four times between 1999 and 2005.
Modern use of turbine blades converts the mechanical energy of the airflow into electrical energy to become a generator. In the Middle Ages and Ancient times, windmills were used to collect the mechanical energy used to grind grain and pump water.
Wind power is used in large-scale wind farms and in locations where power is isolated, making a significant contribution to local life and development.
advantage
Wind energy is a source of clean energy. Wind turbines on wind farms in Inner Mongolia are on the rise, and mass production reduces costs. At appropriate locations, wind power costs are lower than generators.
Wind energy facilities are mostly three-dimensional facilities that protect land and ecology.
Wind power is a renewable energy source and is environmentally friendly.
Disadvantage
The ecological problem of wind power is that it may interfere with birds. For example, the grouse of Kansas in the United States has gradually disappeared after the appearance of the windmill. The current solution is offshore power generation, with offshore power generation at a higher price but with higher efficiency.
In some areas, the economics of wind power are insufficient: winds are intermittent in many areas, and even worse, in places like Taiwan and summer where there is a high demand for electricity and white days, when there is less wind; waiting for compressed air And other energy storage technology development.
Wind power requires a lot of land to build wind farms before it can produce more energy.
When wind power is generated, wind turbines will generate a lot of noise, so find some empty places to build.
The current wind power generation is not yet mature, and there is considerable room for development.
Limitations and drawbacksThere are some limitations and disadvantages in the use of wind energy.
1) The wind speed is unstable and the energy generated is unstable.
2) Wind energy utilization is severely restricted by geographical location
3) Low conversion efficiency of wind energy
4) Wind energy is a new type of energy, and the corresponding equipment is not very mature.
Wind energy is rich, almost endless, widely distributed, clean and tempered by the greenhouse effect. There is a certain range of the Earth's surface. After a long-term measurement, the survey and statistics of the average wind energy density is said to be the basis for the use of the range, usually marked by the energy density line on the map.
The four major advantages are:The volume is huge; it can be regenerated; it is widely distributed; there is no pollution.
The three major weaknesses are:1. Low density.
This is an important flaw in wind energy. Since wind energy is derived from the flow of air, and the density of the air is small, the energy density of the wind is also small, only 1/816 of the hydraulic power. As can be seen from the table below, among various energy sources, the energy content of wind energy is extremely low, which brings certain difficulties to its utilization.
2. Unstable.
Because the airflow changes rapidly, the pulsation, daily variation, seasonal variation and even the interannual changes of the wind are very obvious, and the fluctuation is very large and extremely unstable.
3. Regional differences are large.
Due to the influence of the terrain, the regional differences in wind power are very obvious. An adjacent area, the wind under favorable terrain, is often several times or even dozens of times under unfavorable terrain.
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