How to implement the emission reduction responsibility of thermal power enterprises?

During the “Twelfth Five-Year Plan” period, China will continue to promote chemical oxygen demand and sulfur dioxide emission reductions while taking ammonia nitrogen and nitrogen oxides as new binding indicators. According to the “Twelfth Five-Year Plan”, chemical oxygen demand and sulfur dioxide emissions will be reduced by 8%, and ammonia and nitrogen oxide emissions will be reduced by 10%. However, there are data showing that in the first three quarters of 2011, the emissions of chemical oxygen demand, sulfur dioxide, and ammonia nitrogen all showed a downward trend, but the total amount of nitrogen oxide emissions actually rose by 7.2%, which was a 1.5% reduction from the four indicators in 2011. The plan's goals are quite different. The increase in the emission of nitrogen oxides indicates that the emission reduction situation has been very severe. The thermal power industry is a large emitter of concentrated emissions of nitrogen oxides, and the nitrogen oxide emissions account for more than 40% of the country's total emissions. To advance the reduction of nitrogen oxides, it is imperative that the responsibility for emission reduction of thermal power companies be put in place.

Currently, there are various problems in the reduction of nitrogen oxides in the thermal power industry. For example, due to the related emission reduction technologies still to be improved, the investment and operating costs of nitrogen oxide emission reduction projects are higher. Data shows that for a 600 MW medium-sized thermal power plant, the purchase of a denitrification plant will cost about 60 million yuan. According to calculations, by 2015, the capacity of the existing generating units and newly added generating units for the removal of nitrogen oxides from the thermal power industry in China will be approximately 817 million kilowatts, which is estimated to require investment of 195 billion yuan and annual operating expenses of approximately 62.1 billion yuan. The increase in investment and operating costs will inevitably lead to problems in the supervision of denitrification. Although the “Emission Standard for Air Pollutants for Thermal Power Plants (GB13223-2011)” began to be implemented on January 1st this year, whether the thermal power plant can be replaced with new denitrification equipment under circumstances where the denitrification subsidy standard has not been established and the policy incentive mechanism is not clear It is a big question. In the light of shrinking profit margins, in order to avoid real-time monitoring and reduce the cost of denitrification, some thermal power companies are likely to take various measures to avoid emission reduction responsibilities. So, how to mobilize the enthusiasm of the thermal power companies to reduce nitrogen oxides? How to put the thermal power companies' emission reduction responsibility in place? The author suggests the following:

To implement the responsibility for emission reduction of thermal power companies, we must solve the problem of understanding of the development and protection of enterprises, especially those responsible for enterprises. The development of the economy and the protection of the environment are two contradictory aspects. They are both antagonistic and unified. The Party Central Committee’s principle of “protecting development and developing in protection” is to find a balance in economic development. It is necessary to achieve a moderate development of the economy while ensuring the continuous improvement of environmental quality, that is, to realize coordination and sustainability. development of. At this stage, polluting companies must establish a development philosophy of pursuing “maximizing green benefits”. The formation of the concept of corporate development is mainly attributed to the cognition and concept of corporate decision makers. At present, it is necessary to improve the voluntary emission reduction awareness of decision-makers in thermal power companies through various means. Such as increasing publicity efforts, organizing training courses, and adopting special administrative measures to encourage companies to come up with practical actions and measures to reduce emissions.

The implementation of thermal power companies' emission reduction responsibilities must address macro-level issues such as interest targets. The first is environmental interest, which mainly refers to the issue of environmental rights between developed regions and underdeveloped regions. The developed regions have already undergone a period of devastating damage to the environment and have begun to pursue high-quality environmental goals. At present, the requirements for emission reduction are more urgent in developed regions, and due to relatively large environmental capacity in underdeveloped regions, in order to develop the economy more quickly, it is necessary to vigorously build energy bases such as thermal power companies. In order to develop the economy, local governments in these less-developed regions are likely to pay a price at the expense of environmental interests. This has created a problem of different target recognition due to differences in development. The second is the economic interest, which mainly refers to the problem of the layout adjustment between different thermal power companies in pursuit of greater interests. Many economically developed regions have already established strict emission reduction policies, forcing some thermal power companies to either spend on pollution control facilities or to relocate all. In order to pursue more profits, most of these thermal power companies will choose to relocate, and some will form an interest consortium with the governments of economically underdeveloped areas, occupy a strong position in terms of policies, resources, funds, and markets in order to maximize their own interests. In this regard, the relevant state departments should issue comprehensive measures, on the one hand, the policies and funding of the economically underdeveloped regions should be tilted; on the other hand, strict control over coal and other resources, and strict supervision of thermal power companies.

The implementation of emission reduction responsibilities of thermal power companies must address specific policy issues regarding corporate support and supervision. At present, China's thermal power companies have basically formed enterprise groups. These groups occupy most of the coal resources and control most of the domestic market. At the same time, due to the characteristics of the state-owned enterprises, they can influence the relevant policies of the country to some extent. , thus forming an industry monopoly. These thermal power groups can make full use of their own human and financial strengths and other advantages to avoid or even fight against the national emission reduction requirements of nitrogen oxides, and through their monopoly position, the investment in emission reduction will eventually be passed on to other industries and consumers, causing the market. The price fluctuations, in turn, have a certain impact on social and economic development.

In this regard, relying solely on environmental protection agencies to monitor has been inadequate, the national relevant departments should formulate specific support and regulatory policies, and vigorously promote the reduction of nitrogen oxides in thermal power companies: First, from the perspective of industrial development and industry access, in maintaining energy On the premise of industrial autonomy and independence, encourage full market competition and break down the monopoly behavior of the thermal power group; second, strengthen the joint enforcement of various departments, introduce more stringent laws and regulations, increase the emission standards for thermal power companies, and strengthen all aspects Supervise, impose severe punishments on illegal activities, investigate the responsibility of specific responsible persons and decision makers, and increase the illegal cost of enterprises; thirdly, formulate relevant supporting policies and provide support and encouragement for thermal power enterprises that accomplish emission reduction tasks, so that these enterprises can obtain more To increase its enthusiasm for emission reduction; Fourth, to increase research investment in nitrogen oxides and other treatment technologies, in particular to encourage and support thermal power companies to carry out scientific and technological research, to promote economic development through science and technology, to exchange green benefits through science and technology, and to guarantee technology The reduction task is completed.



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