Superconductivity has now entered the industrialization stage. The application fields of high-temperature superconducting materials and low-temperature superconducting materials are inconsistent. We expect that superconducting current limiters, superconducting filters, and superconducting energy storage in high-temperature superconductors will be the first to be applied. Low temperature superconductors are mainly used for nuclear magnetic resonance (MRI) and controlled nuclear fusion magnetic field coils (ITER). The technology is mature and the market is small.
The superconducting current limiter can limit the short-circuit current and protect the power grid when the power grid is short-circuited. It is conservative to expect that Guangdong Power Grid will have 60 substations with short-circuit current exceeding the designed safety standards in 2015. East China and other large areas have the same problem. Compared with other methods of limiting the short-circuit current, superconducting current limiters have the advantages of not changing the original design and equipment and greatly reducing the energy consumption of operation. We estimate that, compared with a 500kv air-core reactor, the superconducting current limiter will save 2 million yuan in electricity bills and save more than 5 million yuan in the transformation of original equipment. The market for superconducting current limiters is estimated to be 60 billion superconducting filters is an important means for static expansion of mobile communication base stations. It increases the coverage area of ​​mobile communication base stations by a factor of two while reducing the call drop rate by more than 50%. Superconducting filtering is a mature technology. The United States is currently equipped with 6,000 superconducting filters. Domestically produced superconducting filters are also mainly used in military radars and military communications. For civil use, China Unicom has installed superconducting filters at pilot base stations in Beijing and Tangshan, and has successfully operated for more than four years. With the large increase in the amount of data transmission in mobile communications, superconducting filtering will inevitably enter mobile communication base stations. The conservative estimate of the market for superconducting filters is 37.5 billion.
Superconducting energy storage is mainly used to solve grid connection problems of wind power and photovoltaic systems. The superconducting storage has a fast response speed and can quickly receive/discharge energy according to the power discharge status. At present, acceptance by the State Grid Corporation of China for the “Key Technology Research on the Formation of the Second Generation High-Temperature Superconducting Energy Storage Unit of the Chinese Academy of Electric Power†has passed. In the United States and Japan, superconducting energy storage has been applied in more than 10 cases. Since superconducting energy storage is mainly used to regulate power quality, it is not inconsistent with large-scale energy storage means such as pumped storage.
First- and second-generation high-temperature superconducting materials have their own advantages. In terms of cost, the current first-generation costs are 1/3 of the second generation, but the second generation has the potential to fall below the first generation. In the field of application, except for the second generation of superconducting motors, the two materials in other application areas are basically the same.
The superconducting current limiter can limit the short-circuit current and protect the power grid when the power grid is short-circuited. It is conservative to expect that Guangdong Power Grid will have 60 substations with short-circuit current exceeding the designed safety standards in 2015. East China and other large areas have the same problem. Compared with other methods of limiting the short-circuit current, superconducting current limiters have the advantages of not changing the original design and equipment and greatly reducing the energy consumption of operation. We estimate that, compared with a 500kv air-core reactor, the superconducting current limiter will save 2 million yuan in electricity bills and save more than 5 million yuan in the transformation of original equipment. The market for superconducting current limiters is estimated to be 60 billion superconducting filters is an important means for static expansion of mobile communication base stations. It increases the coverage area of ​​mobile communication base stations by a factor of two while reducing the call drop rate by more than 50%. Superconducting filtering is a mature technology. The United States is currently equipped with 6,000 superconducting filters. Domestically produced superconducting filters are also mainly used in military radars and military communications. For civil use, China Unicom has installed superconducting filters at pilot base stations in Beijing and Tangshan, and has successfully operated for more than four years. With the large increase in the amount of data transmission in mobile communications, superconducting filtering will inevitably enter mobile communication base stations. The conservative estimate of the market for superconducting filters is 37.5 billion.
Superconducting energy storage is mainly used to solve grid connection problems of wind power and photovoltaic systems. The superconducting storage has a fast response speed and can quickly receive/discharge energy according to the power discharge status. At present, acceptance by the State Grid Corporation of China for the “Key Technology Research on the Formation of the Second Generation High-Temperature Superconducting Energy Storage Unit of the Chinese Academy of Electric Power†has passed. In the United States and Japan, superconducting energy storage has been applied in more than 10 cases. Since superconducting energy storage is mainly used to regulate power quality, it is not inconsistent with large-scale energy storage means such as pumped storage.
First- and second-generation high-temperature superconducting materials have their own advantages. In terms of cost, the current first-generation costs are 1/3 of the second generation, but the second generation has the potential to fall below the first generation. In the field of application, except for the second generation of superconducting motors, the two materials in other application areas are basically the same.
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