The frequency converter plays a vital role in the field of industrial automation. As China's automation industry continues to grow rapidly, domestic inverter brands have made significant progress, with their product performance and stability now surpassing many foreign competitors in certain areas. This has led to a steady increase in the market share of Chinese brands, marking a shift in the global inverter landscape.
With the rapid development of the automation industry, the presence of domestic inverters in the market has become more prominent. The English term for frequency converter is VFD (Variable-Frequency Drive), which might be one of the few modern technologies that originated from Chinese and was later adopted into English. Inverters combine frequency conversion technology with microelectronics to control AC motors by adjusting the frequency and voltage of the power supply.
A typical inverter consists of several key components: rectification (AC to DC), filtering, inversion (DC to AC), braking units, drive units, and detection units. As one of the three-phase motor drive control devices, it holds a critical position in industrial automation, playing an indispensable role in various applications.
Initially designed for three-phase asynchronous squirrel-cage motors, the frequency converter allows precise speed control through changes in input frequency. This method is not only efficient but also safer compared to direct-on-line starting, which can cause high current surges. With frequency conversion, the starting current remains well within safe limits, reducing stress on both the grid and equipment.
In China, the high-voltage inverter market is valued at approximately 35–40 billion yuan. While the decline rate in 2016 was slightly higher than that of low-voltage inverters, the market remains promising. Hekang New Energy currently holds around 14% of the market share, making it the leading player in this segment. Meanwhile, Schneider’s acquisition of Lead Huafu has created new opportunities for reshaping the domestic high-voltage inverter industry.
Demand for high-voltage inverters comes primarily from two sources: production processes and energy-saving upgrades. As industries seek to optimize efficiency and reduce costs, the importance of these systems continues to rise.
During the R&D phase, safety is a top priority. Multiple protection mechanisms are integrated into the design, such as limiting the maximum allowable current to no more than twice the rated value and setting a maximum temperature limit of 85°C for electrolytic capacitors. Additionally, electromagnetic compatibility and load-side monitoring—such as motor temperature detection and power failure protection—ensure that modern inverters are highly intelligent and reliable.
In the low-voltage inverter market, the overall size has slightly declined, and market concentration has dropped. While ABB and Siemens still hold about 21% of the market, other companies compete closely. Domestic brands continue to hold a strong position, with a market share of around 60–70%. Although domestic brands like Huichuan and Inovance have seen growth, their market share remains relatively modest, with Huichuan holding around 6% and Inovance at 4%.
The gap between domestic brands and international giants like ABB and Siemens is gradually narrowing. ABB and Siemens typically target mid-to-high-end markets, focusing on large-scale projects in sectors such as cranes, metallurgy, and construction. On the other hand, companies like Huichuan, Delta, and Schneider focus on both low-end OEM and high-end fan/pump applications.
Currently, China’s traditional heavy industries are undergoing structural adjustments, resulting in a more stable but slower-growing market. Sectors like mining, metallurgy, and power are seeing fewer new projects due to energy structure reforms. Similarly, in the oil, petrochemical, and chemical industries, fluctuating crude oil prices have led to reduced operations.
Looking ahead, energy-saving transformation will be a key driver for the inverter industry. High-voltage inverter technology can save an average of 30% in energy consumption, offering substantial benefits. As most downstream enterprises are energy-intensive, there is a growing demand for policy support to accelerate the adoption of energy-saving solutions on a larger scale.
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