The frequency converter plays a vital role in the field of industrial automation. With China's rapid development in automation, domestic inverter brands have made significant progress, surpassing many foreign competitors in certain areas. As a result, the market share of Chinese brands has steadily increased over recent years.
The growth of the automation industry has driven the expansion of the domestic inverter market. The English term for frequency converter is "VFD" (Variable-Frequency Drive), which is one of the rare examples of modern technology translated from Chinese into English. An inverter combines frequency conversion and microelectronics technologies to control AC motors by adjusting the power supply’s frequency and voltage.
An inverter typically consists of several key components: rectification (AC to DC), filtering, inverter (DC to AC), braking unit, drive unit, and a micro-processing detection unit. It is a crucial device for controlling three-phase motors in industrial automation, playing an essential and irreplaceable role in the sector.
Initially designed for three-phase asynchronous squirrel-cage motors, the speed of such motors depends on the input frequency, making frequency conversion an efficient and reliable way to adjust motor speed. Unlike direct starting, which can cause high current surges (6–8 times the normal value), frequency conversion ensures smoother operation with current levels not exceeding 1.5 times the rated value, reducing stress on both the grid and equipment.
China's high-voltage inverter market is valued at around 35–40 billion yuan, with a slight decline in 2016 compared to low-voltage inverters. Hekang New Energy holds about 14% of the market, leading in high-voltage inverter sales. Schneider’s acquisition of Lead Huafu has created new opportunities for the domestic high-voltage inverter industry. Demand comes primarily from production processes and energy-saving upgrades.
During R&D, safety features are prioritized, including multiple protection mechanisms. For example, inverter modules limit current to no more than twice the rated value, while electrolytic capacitors are restricted to a maximum temperature of 85°C. Electromagnetic compatibility design and load-side feedback systems ensure that modern inverters are highly intelligent, protecting both the device and connected equipment.
In the low-voltage inverter market, overall demand has slightly declined, with market concentration decreasing. While ABB and Siemens together hold 21%, other companies have relatively similar shares. Domestic brands still dominate with 60–70% of the market. Although some Chinese brands like Huichuan Technology (6%) and Inovance (4%) have gained ground, their market presence remains limited compared to global players.
ABB and Siemens focus on mid-to-high-end markets, targeting industries such as cranes, metallurgy, construction materials, and food processing. Meanwhile, companies like Huichuan, Delta, and Schneider concentrate on lower-end OEM applications and high-end fan and pump markets. Huichuan remains in third place in the low-voltage inverter market.
China’s traditional heavy industries are currently undergoing structural adjustments, resulting in stable but slow-growing demand. In sectors like mining, metallurgy, and power, new projects are being delayed or reduced due to energy structure changes. Similarly, in oil, petrochemicals, and chemicals, fluctuating crude prices have led to fewer operations.
Looking ahead, energy-saving transformation will become a major trend in the industry. High-voltage inverter technology can save an average of 30% in energy consumption, offering substantial benefits. Since most large state-owned enterprises are energy-intensive, they expect greater policy support to expand these initiatives on a larger scale.
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