Lighting methods and design requirements
5.1 Lighting method
5.1.1 Road lighting design should be based on the characteristics of the road and the location and lighting requirements, choose the general lighting mode or high pole lighting.
5.1.2 The arrangement of conventional lighting fixtures can be divided into single-sided arrangement, double-sided staggered arrangement, double-sided symmetrical arrangement, central symmetrical arrangement and lateral suspension arrangement. Five basic ways: When using conventional lighting, it should be based on the cross-section of the road. Width and lighting requirements are selected and should meet the following requirements:
1 The cantilever length of the luminaire should not exceed 1/4 of the installation height, and the elevation angle of the luminaire should not exceed 15°;
2 The arrangement, installation height and spacing of the luminaires can be determined after calculation according to Table 5.1.2.
5.1.3 When using the high pole lighting mode, the luminaire and its configuration, the installation position, height, spacing of the pole and the projection direction of the maximum light intensity of the luminaire shall meet the following requirements:
1 Plane symmetry, radial symmetry and asymmetry can be selected according to different conditions. The high pole lights arranged around the wide road and the large area should adopt the plane symmetrical configuration; the high pole lights arranged in the interior of the site or the compact layout of the lanes should adopt the radial symmetrical arrangement; Or a three-way crossover high pole light with a dispersed lane layout should be asymmetrically configured. Regardless of the type of luminaire configuration, the ratio of the pole spacing to the pole height should be determined by calculation based on the luminosity parameters of the luminaire;
2 Light poles shall not be located in hazardous locations or where transportation is seriously obstructed;
3 The maximum light intensity projection direction and perpendicular angle of the luminaire should not exceed 65°;
4 The high pole lights installed in the urban area should be coordinated with the environment on the premise of meeting the lighting function requirements.
5.2 Lighting requirements for roads and special locations connected to them
5.2.1 Lighting of general roads meets the following requirements:
1 General lighting should be used and should comply with the provisions of Article 5.1.2 of this standard;
2 In the narrow streets where there are many street trees, severely shading roads or difficult to install poles in the building area, the lateral suspension arrangement can be selected;
3 The fast road and trunk road with wide road surface can adopt high pole lighting mode and should comply with the provisions of Article 5.1.3 of this standard.
5.2.2 Lighting at the intersection of planes shall meet the following requirements:
1 The level of illumination at the intersection of the plane shall comply with the provisions of Section 3.4 of this standard, and the average illuminance within 5m outside the intersection shall not be less than 1/2 of the average illuminance of the intersection;
2 The intersections can use different light sources with different color charts, different shapes of lamps, different installation heights or different lighting arrangements;
3 The luminaires at the crossroads can be arranged in a single-sided arrangement, staggered arrangement or symmetric arrangement according to the specific conditions of the road. Additional poles and luminaires can be installed at large intersections and glare should be limited. When there is a large traffic island, you can set up lights on the island or use high pole lighting;
4 T-shaped intersections shall be provided with lamps at the end of the road;
5 The lighting at the roundabout should be sufficient to show the roundabout, the traffic island and the curb. When conventional lighting is used, the luminaire should be placed outside the toroidal road. Illumination to the entrances and exits of each road shall comply with the requirements of Section 3.4 of this standard. When the diameter of the roundabout is large, a high pole light can be set on the roundabout, and the light fixture should be selected and the position of the light pole should be determined according to the principle that the brightness of the roadway is higher than the brightness of the roundabout.
5.2.3 Lighting of curved sections should meet the following requirements:
1 Curved sections with a radius of 1000m and above, the illumination can be processed according to the straight line segment;
2 For curved sections with a radius of less than 1000m, the luminaires should be arranged along the outside of the curve, and the spacing of the luminaires should be reduced. The spacing should be 50%~70% of the spacing of the straight segments. The smaller the radius, the smaller the spacing should be. Should be shortened accordingly. On the reverse curve section, it is advisable to fix the lamp on one side, and add additional lamps on the outside of the curve when the line of sight is broken.
3 When the road surface of the curved section is wide and the double-sided arrangement of lamps is required, a symmetrical arrangement should be adopted;
4 The lamps at the corners shall not be installed on the extension of the straight line segments;)
5.2.4 When setting the illumination on the slope, the symmetry plane of the luminaire in the direction parallel to the road axis should be perpendicular to the road surface. In the range of the convex vertical curve ramp, the installation spacing of the luminaire should be reduced, and the cut-off luminaire should be used.
5.2.5 The lighting of the upper and lower roads shall comply with the following requirements:
1 When using conventional lighting, the brightness (or illuminance) generated by the luminaires placed on the underpass on the road and the brightness (or illuminance) generated by the luminaires on both sides of the upper road can be effectively connected. The average brightness (or illuminance) and uniformity of the area should be in accordance with the specified values. The luminaires installed on the underpass shall provide vertical illumination for the support structure of the upper road;
2 Large-scale upper and lower roads may be illuminated by high poles and shall comply with the requirements of Article 5.1.3 of this standard.
5.2.6 Three-dimensional cross-illumination should meet the following requirements:
1 should provide good inducement to the driver;
2 Ambient lighting that interferes with glare should be provided;
3 The lighting of intersections such as intersections, entrances and exits, and parallel areas shall comply with the provisions of Section 3.4 of this standard. Lighting of complex road sections such as curved sections and ramps should be appropriately strengthened;
4 Small interchanges can be used for conventional lighting. Large-scale interchanges should preferably use high-beam lighting and should meet the requirements of Article 5.1.3 of this standard.
5.2.7 The lighting of urban bridges shall meet the following requirements:
1 The lighting of small and medium-sized bridges should be consistent with the road lighting connected to them. When the width of the bridge deck is less than the width of the road surface to which it is connected, the bridge railings and edge stones should have sufficient vertical illumination, and lamps should be provided at the entrance of the bridge;
2 The lighting of large bridges and small and medium-sized bridges with artistic and historical value should be specially designed to meet functional requirements and should be coordinated with the style of the bridge;
3 Bridge lighting should limit glare, if necessary, the installation of light barriers or grille lamps;
4 Bridges with multiple motorway lanes should not be installed directly on the railing.
5.2.8 Pedestrian lighting should meet the following requirements:
1 A short straight line of natural light is sufficient for night illumination:
2 There should be no lighting devices at the entrances and exits where there are no street lights.
3 average illuminance in the tunnel, suitable for nighttime
5.1 Lighting method
5.1.1 Road lighting design should be based on the characteristics of the road and the location and lighting requirements, choose the general lighting mode or high pole lighting.
5.1.2 The arrangement of conventional lighting fixtures can be divided into single-sided arrangement, double-sided staggered arrangement, double-sided symmetrical arrangement, central symmetrical arrangement and lateral suspension arrangement. Five basic ways: When using conventional lighting, it should be based on the cross-section of the road. Width and lighting requirements are selected and should meet the following requirements:
1 The cantilever length of the luminaire should not exceed 1/4 of the installation height, and the elevation angle of the luminaire should not exceed 15°;
2 The arrangement, installation height and spacing of the luminaires can be determined after calculation according to Table 5.1.2.
5.1.3 When using the high pole lighting mode, the luminaire and its configuration, the installation position, height, spacing of the pole and the projection direction of the maximum light intensity of the luminaire shall meet the following requirements:
1 Plane symmetry, radial symmetry and asymmetry can be selected according to different conditions. The high pole lights arranged around the wide road and the large area should adopt the plane symmetrical configuration; the high pole lights arranged in the interior of the site or the compact layout of the lanes should adopt the radial symmetrical arrangement; Or a three-way crossover high pole light with a dispersed lane layout should be asymmetrically configured. Regardless of the type of luminaire configuration, the ratio of the pole spacing to the pole height should be determined by calculation based on the luminosity parameters of the luminaire;
2 Light poles shall not be located in hazardous locations or where transportation is seriously obstructed;
3 The maximum light intensity projection direction and perpendicular angle of the luminaire should not exceed 65°;
4 The high pole lights installed in the urban area should be coordinated with the environment on the premise of meeting the lighting function requirements.
5.2 Lighting requirements for roads and special locations connected to them
5.2.1 Lighting of general roads meets the following requirements:
1 General lighting should be used and should comply with the provisions of Article 5.1.2 of this standard;
2 In the narrow streets where there are many street trees, severely shading roads or difficult to install poles in the building area, the lateral suspension arrangement can be selected;
3 The fast road and trunk road with wide road surface can adopt high pole lighting mode and should comply with the provisions of Article 5.1.3 of this standard.
5.2.2 Lighting at the intersection of planes shall meet the following requirements:
1 The level of illumination at the intersection of the plane shall comply with the provisions of Section 3.4 of this standard, and the average illuminance within 5m outside the intersection shall not be less than 1/2 of the average illuminance of the intersection;
2 The intersections can use different light sources with different color charts, different shapes of lamps, different installation heights or different lighting arrangements;
3 The luminaires at the crossroads can be arranged in a single-sided arrangement, staggered arrangement or symmetric arrangement according to the specific conditions of the road. Additional poles and luminaires can be installed at large intersections and glare should be limited. When there is a large traffic island, you can set up lights on the island or use high pole lighting;
4 T-shaped intersections shall be provided with lamps at the end of the road;
5 The lighting at the roundabout should be sufficient to show the roundabout, the traffic island and the curb. When conventional lighting is used, the luminaire should be placed outside the toroidal road. Illumination to the entrances and exits of each road shall comply with the requirements of Section 3.4 of this standard. When the diameter of the roundabout is large, a high pole light can be set on the roundabout, and the light fixture should be selected and the position of the light pole should be determined according to the principle that the brightness of the roadway is higher than the brightness of the roundabout.
5.2.3 Lighting of curved sections should meet the following requirements:
1 Curved sections with a radius of 1000m and above, the illumination can be processed according to the straight line segment;
2 For curved sections with a radius of less than 1000m, the luminaires should be arranged along the outside of the curve, and the spacing of the luminaires should be reduced. The spacing should be 50%~70% of the spacing of the straight segments. The smaller the radius, the smaller the spacing should be. Should be shortened accordingly. On the reverse curve section, it is advisable to fix the lamp on one side, and add additional lamps on the outside of the curve when the line of sight is broken.
3 When the road surface of the curved section is wide and the double-sided arrangement of lamps is required, a symmetrical arrangement should be adopted;
4 The lamps at the corners shall not be installed on the extension of the straight line segments;)
5.2.4 When setting the illumination on the slope, the symmetry plane of the luminaire in the direction parallel to the road axis should be perpendicular to the road surface. In the range of the convex vertical curve ramp, the installation spacing of the luminaire should be reduced, and the cut-off luminaire should be used.
5.2.5 The lighting of the upper and lower roads shall comply with the following requirements:
1 When using conventional lighting, the brightness (or illuminance) generated by the luminaires placed on the underpass on the road and the brightness (or illuminance) generated by the luminaires on both sides of the upper road can be effectively connected. The average brightness (or illuminance) and uniformity of the area should be in accordance with the specified values. The luminaires installed on the underpass shall provide vertical illumination for the support structure of the upper road;
2 Large-scale upper and lower roads may be illuminated by high poles and shall comply with the requirements of Article 5.1.3 of this standard.
5.2.6 Three-dimensional cross-illumination should meet the following requirements:
1 should provide good inducement to the driver;
2 Ambient lighting that interferes with glare should be provided;
3 The lighting of intersections such as intersections, entrances and exits, and parallel areas shall comply with the provisions of Section 3.4 of this standard. Lighting of complex road sections such as curved sections and ramps should be appropriately strengthened;
4 Small interchanges can be used for conventional lighting. Large-scale interchanges should preferably use high-beam lighting and should meet the requirements of Article 5.1.3 of this standard.
5.2.7 The lighting of urban bridges shall meet the following requirements:
1 The lighting of small and medium-sized bridges should be consistent with the road lighting connected to them. When the width of the bridge deck is less than the width of the road surface to which it is connected, the bridge railings and edge stones should have sufficient vertical illumination, and lamps should be provided at the entrance of the bridge;
2 The lighting of large bridges and small and medium-sized bridges with artistic and historical value should be specially designed to meet functional requirements and should be coordinated with the style of the bridge;
3 Bridge lighting should limit glare, if necessary, the installation of light barriers or grille lamps;
4 Bridges with multiple motorway lanes should not be installed directly on the railing.
5.2.8 Pedestrian lighting should meet the following requirements:
1 A short straight line of natural light is sufficient for night illumination:
2 There should be no lighting devices at the entrances and exits where there are no street lights.
3 average illuminance in the tunnel, suitable for nighttime
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